DNA Oestrogen

Tests for:

Breast cancer risk

Analytes measured:

CYP1A1:  A phase I cytochrome P450 enzyme that converts environmental pro-carcinogens into reactive intermediates that have carcinogenic effects. It is further involved in the oxidative metabolism of oestrogens.

CYP1B1:  Catalyses the 4-hydroxylation of oestradiol and active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)  and arylamines.

CYP17A:  Catalyses reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids as an integral part of the oestrogen metabolism pathway.

MnSOD:  Provides anti-oxidant activity within the cell, necessary for decreasing oxidative damage caused by reactive oestrogen metabolites.

GSTM1:  Responsible for the removal of xenobiotics, carcinogens, and products of oxidative stress, which include reactive oestrogen metabolites.

GSTT1:  A member of a super family of proteins that catalyse the conjugation of reduced glutathione, and is responsible for removal of reactive products of oestrogen metabolism.

COMT:  Influences the levels of certain hormones and is involved in the methylation and inactivation of catechol oestrogens.

MTHFR:  MTHFR is a key enzyme in the folate metabolism pathway – directing folate from the diet either to DNA synthesis or homocysteine re-methylation. Decreased MTHFR enzyme activity has been associated with increased premenopausal breast cancer risk with long duration of oestrogen exposure.

SULT1A1:  Involved in the inactivation of oestrogens and bio-activation of heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

NQO1:  Quinone Reductase is primarily involved in the detoxification of potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic quinones derived from tobacco smoke, diet and oestrogen metabolism.

Factor V:  Factor V Leiden gene mutation is characterized by a poor anticoagulant response to Activated Protein C and an increased risk for venous thromboembolism.